Exosomes as therapy for cancer

Cancer was the sixth cause of death in 2016 and 18,078,957 people died in 2018 in the world. The leading cause of cancer death is metastasis [1], and it is responsible for 90% of cancer-related deaths [2]. The incidence of many cancers, as gastrointestinal cancers, still increases worldwide [3], and a tremendous number of patients despite advances in surgical technique, chemotherapy, endoscopic interventions and radiation therapy [4].

It has been proposed that exosomes can be used as biomarkers for cancer and in combination microRNAs (miRs), which trend to be enriched in exosomes [5,6]. As a therapeutic target have been proposed different steps in the exosome’s biogenesis and, more strikingly, the development of tools that can emulated exosomes that can deliver different molecules, for example shRNAs